During the Vice-Presidential debate between Joe Biden and Paul Ryan, Martha Raddatz presented an excellent question regarding the role religion plays in each candidate's position on abortion. Paul Ryan articulated the following at the heart of his response:
Why should I consider his position a modus vivendi? Because it is clearly contradictory and therefore not possibly Mr. Ryan's actual position. If he believes that "life begins at conception" as he stated then the list of acceptable reasons for abortion should be significantly shorter. This is because he considers abortion in every situation murder since it is the act of terminating what he considers to be a living human regardless of the stage of the pregnancy. Since he considers every abortion murder, rape and incest should absolutely not be permissible reasons for abortion, especially since the creature whose presupposed "life" is at stake is not at fault for the rape or incestual act. According to this line of thinking, the developing "bean" did not ask to be conceived of rape or incest and likewise should not be punished.
The only possible reason acceptable according to Mr. Ryan's reasoning should be when the life of the mother is at risk, and this reason opens a very large debate. Since we are talking about exchanging a life for a life a huge ethical debate begins. First and foremost, at what point do we declare that the mother's life is sufficiently in danger before we approve an abortion. Presumably we want to be certain that the mother has no chance of living if the child is to be aborted but in medicine there are no such certainties. Therefore, is a 51% chance of the mother's death acceptable? Or should it be more like a 1 in 10 chance of living? These are the questions that Mr. Ryan's position are inviting.
It is not of this articles opinion to ask whether you agree of disagree with abortion, but rather to present Mr. Ryan's position without the smoke-screen. The importance of this issue is of course that he is currently taking a softer position than previously thought, but he does so only as a modus vivendi. The problem with a modus vivendi is that once the balance of power shifts in some way (such as a Supreme Court appointment or Congressional majority, both of which are extremely possible in the coming term) the toleration becomes unnecessary. Without need for tolerating the opposing position you can be certain that the true position will be exercised.
"... I believe that life begins at conception. That’s why — those are the reasons why I’m pro-life. Now I understand this is a difficult issue, and I respect people who don’t agree with me on this, but the policy of a Romney administration will be to oppose abortions with the exceptions for rape, incest and life of the mother..."This response seemed to shock many people because it apparently strayed from the position that Ryan has been offering on the trail recently. The Washington Post wrote:
... [T]he position Ryan articulated Thursday — “the policy of a Romney administration will be to oppose abortions with the exceptions for rape, incest and life of the mother” — is different from Ryan’s earlier position of no abortions, except possibly in cases where mother’s life was endangered.While it is true that he has stated something different, verbally, he certainly did not actually take a different position. Under careful observation, what Ryan has done here has simply been to offer what is known as a modus vivendi. This phrase literally translates as 'a mode of living' and implies some degree of toleration but certainly not acceptance. It is essentially a recognition that something must be tolerated for the time being because the balance of power prevents a firm implementation of one's own position.
Why should I consider his position a modus vivendi? Because it is clearly contradictory and therefore not possibly Mr. Ryan's actual position. If he believes that "life begins at conception" as he stated then the list of acceptable reasons for abortion should be significantly shorter. This is because he considers abortion in every situation murder since it is the act of terminating what he considers to be a living human regardless of the stage of the pregnancy. Since he considers every abortion murder, rape and incest should absolutely not be permissible reasons for abortion, especially since the creature whose presupposed "life" is at stake is not at fault for the rape or incestual act. According to this line of thinking, the developing "bean" did not ask to be conceived of rape or incest and likewise should not be punished.
The only possible reason acceptable according to Mr. Ryan's reasoning should be when the life of the mother is at risk, and this reason opens a very large debate. Since we are talking about exchanging a life for a life a huge ethical debate begins. First and foremost, at what point do we declare that the mother's life is sufficiently in danger before we approve an abortion. Presumably we want to be certain that the mother has no chance of living if the child is to be aborted but in medicine there are no such certainties. Therefore, is a 51% chance of the mother's death acceptable? Or should it be more like a 1 in 10 chance of living? These are the questions that Mr. Ryan's position are inviting.
It is not of this articles opinion to ask whether you agree of disagree with abortion, but rather to present Mr. Ryan's position without the smoke-screen. The importance of this issue is of course that he is currently taking a softer position than previously thought, but he does so only as a modus vivendi. The problem with a modus vivendi is that once the balance of power shifts in some way (such as a Supreme Court appointment or Congressional majority, both of which are extremely possible in the coming term) the toleration becomes unnecessary. Without need for tolerating the opposing position you can be certain that the true position will be exercised.